YouTipRuby Range
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\\n\\n \\n \\n\\nRuby Range
\\n\\nRanges are everywhere: from a to z, from 0 to 9, and so on. Ruby supports ranges and allows us to use ranges in different ways:
\\n\\n- \\n
- As a sequence \\n
- As a condition \\n
- As an interval \\n
As a Sequence
\\n\\nThe first and most common use of a range is to express a sequence. A sequence has a start, an end, and a way to produce successive values in the sequence.
\\n\\nRuby uses the ''..'' and ''...'' range operators to create these sequences. The two-dot form creates a range that includes the specified high value, while the three-dot form creates a range that excludes the specified high value.
\\n\\n(1..5) #==> 1, 2, 3, 4, 5\\n(1...5) #==> 1, 2, 3, 4\\n('a'..'d') #==> 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'The sequence 1..100 is a Range object that contains references to two Fixnum objects. If needed, you can convert a range to a list using the to_a method. Try the following example:
\\n\\nExample
\\n#!/usr/bin/ruby\\n$, = ", " # Array value separator\\nrange1 = (1..10).to_a\\nrange2 = ('bar'..'bat').to_a\\nputs "#{range1}"\\nputs "#{range2}"This will produce the following result:
\\n[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]\\n["bar", "bas", "bat"]Ranges implement methods that let you traverse them, and you can check their contents in various ways:
\\n\\nExample
\\n#!/usr/bin/ruby\\n# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\\n# Specify range\\ndigits = 0..9\\nputs digits.include?(5)\\nret = digits.min\\nputs "Minimum value is #{ret}"\\nret = digits.max\\nputs "Maximum value is #{ret}"\\nret = digits.reject {|i| i<5 }\\nputs "Those that do not meet the criteria #{ret}"\\ndigits.each do |digit|\\n puts "In the loop #{digit}"\\nendThis will produce the following result:
\\ntrue\\nMinimum value is 0\\nMaximum value is 9\\nThose that do not meet the criteria [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]\\nIn the loop 0\\nIn the loop 1\\nIn the loop 2\\nIn the loop 3\\nIn loop 4\\nIn loop 5\\nIn the loop 6\\nIn the loop 7\\nIn the loop 8\\nIn the loop 9As a Condition
\\n\\nRanges can also be used as conditional expressions. For example, the following code snippet prints lines from standard input where each set starts with a line containing the word start and ends with a line containing the word end:
\\n\\nwhile gets\\n print if /start/../end/\\nendRanges can be used in case statements:
\\n\\nExample
\\n#!/usr/bin/ruby\\n# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\\nscore = 70\\nresult = case score\\n when 0..40\\n "Bad score"\\n when 41..60\\n "Almost passing"\\n when 61..70\\n "Passing score"\\n when 71..100\\n "Good score"\\n else\\n "Wrong score"\\nend\\nputs resultThis will produce the following result:
\\nPassing scoreAs an Interval
\\n\\nThe final use of ranges is interval checking: checking whether a specified value falls within the specified range. This is done using the === equality operator.
\\n\\nExample
\\n#!/usr/bin/ruby\\n# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\\nif ((1..10) === 5)\\n puts "5 in (1..10)"\\nend\\nif (('a'..'j') === 'c')\\n puts "c in ('a'..'j')"\\nend\\nif (('a'..'j') === 'z')\\n puts "z in ('a'..'j')"\\nendThis will produce the following result:
\\n5 in (1..10)\\nc in ('a'..'j')