Nginx Performance Tuning

📅 2026-06-12 | 📂 Nginx

Introduction

Nginx performance tuning can dramatically improve response times and throughput. Proper configuration handles thousands of concurrent connections efficiently.

Worker Configuration

# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
worker_processes auto;        # Match CPU cores
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {
    worker_connections 4096;
    multi_accept on;
    use epoll;
}

Gzip Compression

gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_min_length 1024;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json
           application/javascript text/xml
           application/xml image/svg+xml;

Caching

# Proxy caching
proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2
    keys_zone=my_cache:10m max_size=1g;

server {
    location / {
        proxy_cache my_cache;
        proxy_cache_valid 200 1h;
        proxy_cache_valid 404 1m;
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

Static File Optimization

location ~* .(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {
    expires 30d;
    add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
    access_log off;
}

Summary

Tune worker processes, enable gzip compression, configure caching, and optimize static file serving. Monitor with nginx -V and adjust based on your traffic patterns.

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