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* * Complete XML Schema Reference](#) * * * ## Definition and Usage The restriction element defines constraints on a simpleType, simpleContent, or complexContent definition. ### Element Information * **Parent Elements:** simpleType, simpleContent, complexContent ### Syntax Content for simpleType: (annotation?,(simpleType?,(minExclusive|minInclusive| maxExclusive|maxInclusive|totalDigits|fractionDigits| length|minLength|maxLength|enumeration|whiteSpace|pattern)*)) Content for simpleContent: (annotation?,(simpleType?,(minExclusive |minInclusive| maxExclusive|maxInclusive|totalDigits|fractionDigits| length|minLength|maxLength|enumeration|whiteSpace|pattern)*)?, ((attribute|attributeGroup)*,anyAttribute?)) Content for complexContent: (annotation?,(group|all|choice|sequence)?, ((attribute|attributeGroup)*,anyAttribute?)) (The ? symbol declares that the element can appear zero or one time within the restriction element.) | Attribute | Description | | --- | --- | | id | Optional. Specifies a unique ID for the element. | | base | Required. Specifies the name of a built-in data type, simpleType, or complexType element defined in this schema (or another schema indicated by the specified namespace). | | any attributes | Optional. Specifies any other attributes with a non-schema namespace. | ### Example 1 The following example defines an element named "age" with constraints. The value of age cannot be less than 0 or greater than 100: ### Example 2 This example defines an element named "initials". The "initials" element is a simple type with constraints. Acceptable values are three uppercase or lowercase letters from a to z: ### Example 3 This example defines an element named "password". The "password" element is a simple type with constraints. The value must be at least 5 characters and at most 8 characters: ### Example 4 This example shows a complex type definition using constraints. The complex type "Chinese_customer" is derived from a regular customer complex type, with its country element having a fixed value of "China": * * Complete XML Schema Reference](#)