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# Docker Tutorial !(#) Docker is an open-source application container engine, built on the (#) and open-sourced under the Apache 2.0 license. Docker allows developers to package their applications and dependencies into a lightweight, portable container, which can then be published to any popular Linux machine, enabling virtualization. Containers use a complete sandboxing mechanism, with no interfaces between them (similar to iPhone apps). More importantly, the performance overhead of containers is extremely low. Starting from version 17.03, Docker is divided into CE (Community Edition) and EE (Enterprise Edition). The community edition is sufficient for our use. * * * ## Who is this tutorial suitable for? This tutorial is suitable for operations engineers and backend developers. Through this tutorial, you can learn how to use Docker step by step. * * * ## Prerequisites Before reading this tutorial, you need to be familiar with common Linux commands. You can learn the relevant commands through the (#) on this site. * * * ## Docker Application Scenarios * **Microservices Architecture:** Each service is independently containerized, making it easy to manage and scale. * **CI/CD Pipelines:** Integration with Jenkins/GitLab CI for automated builds and testing. * **Standardized Development Environments:** New team members can start a full set of dependent services (like databases, message queues) with a single command. * **Cloud-Native Foundation:** Orchestration tools like Kubernetes manage container clusters based on Docker. * * * ## Core Advantages * **Cross-Platform Consistency:** Solves the "it works on my machine" problem, ensuring consistency across development, testing, and production environments. * **Resource Efficiency:** Containers share the host kernel directly, without the need to virtualize the entire operating system, saving memory and CPU. * **Rapid Deployment:** Containers start in seconds and support automated scaling. * **Isolation:** Each container has its own independent file system, network, and process space. * * * ## Core Concepts * **Container:** A lightweight runtime instance containing application code, runtime environment, and dependencies. Created from images, isolated from other containers, and sharing the host OS kernel (more efficient than virtual machines). * **Image:** A read-only template that defines the container's runtime environment (e.g., operating system, software configuration). Optimizes space and build speed through layered storage. * **Dockerfile:** A text file that describes how to automatically build an image (e.g., specifying a base image, installing software, copying files, etc.). * **Registry:** A platform for storing and distributing images, such as Docker Hub (official public registry) or private registries (like Harbor). * * * ## Basic Commands ## Example # Pull an image (e.g., official Nginx image) docker pull nginx # Run a container (-d runs in background, -p maps ports) docker run -d-p 80:80 nginx # List running containers docker ps # Build an image (based on the Dockerfile in the current directory) docker build -t my-app . # Enter a container's shell docker exec-it/bin/bash * * * ## Related Links Docker Official Site: [https://www.docker.com](https://www.docker.com/) Github Docker Source Code: [https://github.com/docker](https://github.com/docker)