Bootstrap4 Forms

In this chapter, we will learn how to create forms using Bootstrap. Bootstrap allows you to create different styles of forms with some simple HTML tags and extended classes. Form elements like ``, `

`, and `` elements, when using the `.form-control` class, have their width set to 100%.

### Bootstrap4 Form Layouts

*   Stacked Form (full-width): Vertical
*   Inline Form: Horizontal

Bootstrap provides two types of form layouts:

* * *

## Stacked Form

The following example uses two input fields, a checkbox, and a submit button to create a stacked form:

## Example

<div class="form-group"><label for="email">Email address:</label></div><div class="form-group"><label for="pwd">Password:</label></div><div class="form-group form-check"><label class="form-check-label"> Remember me </label></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>

[Try it »](#)

Display effect:

!(#)

* * *

## Inline Form

All elements in an inline form are left-aligned.

**Note: When the screen width is less than 576px, they will stack vertically. If the screen width is greater than or equal to 576px, the form elements will appear on the same horizontal line.**

Inline forms require adding the `.form-inline` class to the `` element.

The following example uses two input fields, a checkbox, and a submit button to create an inline form:

## Example

<label for="email">Email address:</label><label for="pwd">Password:</label><div class="form-check"><label class="form-check-label"> Remember me </label></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>

[Try it »](#)

Display effect:

!(#)

The elements in the example above look tightly packed. You can use the `.mr-sm-2` class to set right margin and the `.mb-2` class to set bottom margin:

## Example

<label for="email" class="mr-sm-2">Email address:</label><label for="pwd" class="mr-sm-2">Password:</label><div class="form-check mb-2 mr-sm-2"><label class="form-check-label"> Remember me </label></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary mb-2">Submit</button>

[Try it »](#)

Display effect:

!(#)

## Form Row / Grid

We can also use the `.col` class to control the width and alignment of form elements without using spacing classes. Form elements controlled by the `.col` class need to be placed inside a `.row` container.

The following example displays two columns side by side:

## Example

[Try it »](#)

Display effect:

!(#)

If you want smaller spacing in the grid, you can use `.form-row` instead of `.row`:

## Example

[Try it »](#)

* * *

## Form Validation

We can use different validation classes to set up form validation functionality.

Adding `.was-validated` or `.needs-validation` to the `` element will give input fields a green (valid) or red (invalid) border effect, indicating whether the form needs input.

The `.valid-feedback` or `.invalid-feedback` classes are used to tell the user what information is missing or what needs to be completed before submitting the form.

## Example

Using the `.was-validated` class to show what needs to be filled in before form submission:

[Try it »](#)

## Example

Using `.needs-validation`, it will validate missing information after form submission. Some JavaScript code is needed here to make it work:

<div class="form-group"><label for="uname">Username:</label><div class="valid-feedback">Validation successful!</div><div class="invalid-feedback">Please enter a username!</div></div><div class="form-group"><label for="pwd">Password:</label><div class="valid-feedback">Validation successful!</div><div class="invalid-feedback">Please enter a password!</div></div><div class="form-group form-check"><label class="form-check-label"> Agree to terms <div class="valid-feedback">Validation successful!</div><div class="invalid-feedback">You must agree before submitting.</div></label></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button> // Prevent form submission if validation fails (function() { 'use strict'; window.addEventListener('load', function() { // Fetch the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to var forms = document.getElementsByClassName('needs-validation'); // Loop over them and prevent submission var validation = Array.prototype.filter.call(forms, function(form) { form.addEventListener('submit', function(event) { if (form.checkValidity() === false) { event.preventDefault(); event.stopPropagation(); } form.classList.add('was-validated'); }, false); }); }, false); })();

[Try it »](#)</div><div class="post-nav"><a href="/post/bootstrap4-tooltip.html">← Bootstrap4 Tooltip</a><a href="/post/bootstrap4-dropdowns.html">Bootstrap4 Dropdowns →</a></div></div>
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